Having undergone numerous renovations since its independence in 1993, Eritrea is transforming into a country that welcomes travelers. With the Red Sea bordering a large part of the east coast, travelers can experience everything from the Ottoman-style architecture on nearby Massawa Island to the Italian and Turkish influence seen in the cathedrals, the opera house, and Governor's Palace in the capital of Asmara located in Eritrea's highland plateau.
The weather varies from an average temperature of 18 C (64.5 F) in the highlands to a high of 50 C (122 F) in the southeast, in the Danakil Depression. Heavy rainfall occurs in the highlands during July and August.
Eritrea's culture lies in its dancing and musical customs, generally seen during religious and cultural festivals. Different ethnic groups participate in various activities, playing traditional stringed instruments known as the krar and wata, which originated from Ethiopian instruments. Eritreans also share a common love of food, ranging from legamat (fried dough) to the mies (wine made from honey) that accompanies meals. The official language is Tigrinia. Arabic, Afar and Somali are also spoken.
Despite the peace agreement reached with Ethiopia in December 2000 after more than 30 years of war, lasting peace remains to be found between the two countries. Remnants of war are seen in the thousands of undetonated land mines found in the countryside near the borders of both countries. Problems are most intense near the border with Ethiopia, where thousands of U.N. troops continue to patrol the buffer zone between the nations.
The internal transportation network consists of a domestic bus service, which links main cities and towns but does not usually follow a regular schedule. Though roads in Asmara are in good condition, the network outside of the capital is in need of repair. Restoration continues on the single railway line from the coastal city of Massawa through Asmara to Agordat; it has been inoperative since 1993. Eritrean airlines offer flights between Asmara and Assab three times a week. Taxis are available at main hotels and at the airport in Asmara.
The phone system is inadequate with very few telephones, except for those available in Asmara. The government is attempting to improve international service; faxes can be sent and received at the telecommunications office in the center of Asmara.
Although relations with Ethiopia have improved considerably, foreigners should avoid areas near the border and avoid traveling after dark, even in Asmara.
For a free map of Eritrea and more detailed information, be sure to click on the Destination Brief above.
Please note: the situation in Eritrea can be volatile and dynamic. You are encouraged to purchase an Intelligence Brief ($7.50) or Destination Tracker ($25) for complete, up-to-the-minute information on the Country, Security and Health, Local Travel Alerts, Entry/exit requirements, Transportation, Communications/Technology, Legal and Financial situation, Environmental concerns and Language in Eritrea.